Dyspareunia is a medical term used to describe the condition of experiencing pain during sexual intercourse. It can affect both men and women, although it is more commonly reported by women. The pain can range from mild discomfort to severe and sharp sensations that make sexual activity unbearable.
In women, dyspareunia may be caused by various factors. Vaginal dryness, often associated with hormonal changes such as menopause or certain medications, can lead to friction and discomfort during intercourse. Infections, such as yeast or urinary tract infections, can also cause pain. Additionally, conditions like endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, or uterine fibroids can contribute to painful intercourse. Psychological factors, such as past traumatic experiences, anxiety, or relationship issues, can also play a role in the development of dyspareunia.
For men, dyspareunia may be caused by conditions such as Peyronie's disease, which involves the development of scar tissue in the penis, or prostatitis, which is inflammation of the prostate gland. In some cases, erectile dysfunction or performance anxiety can contribute to discomfort during intercourse.